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Controlled Modulus Columns (CMCs) are concrete columns placed in a grid network that effectively spreads the applied high loads from the structure above and between the ground and the grid of CMCs. CMCs are often mistaken for other deep foundation solutions, such as conventional auger-cast-piles or drilled caissons.

How are stone columns constructed? Stone columns are constructed by experienced contractors using specialist equipment. The construction uses an excavator with a vibrating probe to feed stone into the ground, forming a vertical column of stone.

The effectiveness and performance of the stone column technique is influenced by several factors, including the column length to diameter ratio (L/d), the area replacement ratio (As), the column spacing (s), the stiffness of the column (Ec) and of the surrounding soil (Es), the stress ratio of the column and soil (σvc/ ...

Stone columns act mainly as inclusions with a higher stiffness, shear strength and permeability than the natural soil. Consequently, they improve the following aspects: The bearing capacity. The stability of embankments and natural slopes.

Controlled Modulus Columns (CMC)® are grouted columns formed using specially-designed tooling that displaces soil laterally, producing very little spoil. As the auger is extracted, a column of cement-based grout is formed. Advantages of CMCs Include: Effective in very soft soils.

Typical diameter of CMC ranges from 300mm to 500cm installed at a spacing ranging from 1.3m to 2.5m. These columns are typically 10m to 20m length with larger diameter columns installed to 30m depth.

Controlled Modulus Columns (CMC), also called rigid inclusions, are a ground improvement technique. They are used to control and reduce settlement and increase bearing capacity in soft or loose soils.

Once the soil is normally consolidated, the settlement reduction factor increases with the load level because of the column yielding. In general, MCC predicts the best improvement because it overpredicts horizontal stresses and then, the column is better confined.

Controlled Modulus Columns (CMCs) are concrete columns placed in a grid network that effectively spreads the applied high loads from the structure above and between the ground and the grid of CMCs. CMCs are often mistaken for other deep foundation solutions, such as conventional auger-cast-piles or drilled caissons.