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At the preliminary hearing, the Commonwealth must present a prima facie case, or in other words, they must show enough evidence that a crime has been committed and that the defendant is most likely the one who committed the crime.

The purpose of a preliminary hearing is for a judge to decide if there is enough evidence for the case to move forward. It is not to decide if someone is guilty. At a preliminary hearing, the prosecution presents the main evidence that supports the charges they filed.

(B) "Special jury instructions," meaning instructions from other sources, those specially prepared by the party, or approved instructions that have been substantially modified by the party.

Jury instructions identify those issues that the jury will be required to decide so jurors may understand the legal principles applicable to the case. Jurors may not reach a proper verdict if they do not understand the jury instructions or the instructions fail to adequately address the case's legal issues.

Either before or after the closing arguments by the lawyers, the judge will explain the law that applies to the case to you. This is the judge's instruction to the jury. You have to apply that law to the facts, as you have heard them, in arriving at your verdict.

Either before or after the closing arguments by the lawyers, the judge will explain the law that applies to the case to you. This is the judge's instruction to the jury. You have to apply that law to the facts, as you have heard them, in arriving at your verdict.

What are Jury Instructions? Jury instructions tell the jury what the laws are that govern a particular case. Each attorney gives the judge a set of proposed jury instructions. The judge considers each instruction and gives the one that properly states the law that applies to the case.

Jury charges (or “instructions”) are the questions, instructions, and definitions given to a jury by the judge in a case. They provide direction and information to the jury regarding their deliberations. Pattern jury charges are model jury charges designed to guide judges and lawyers in formulating jury charges.

Preliminary instructions occur at the beginning of a trial and typically inform the jury on the basics of reviewing evidence and other responsibilities.