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A typical currency pair listing may appear as, EUR/USD 1.3045. In this example, the euro (EUR) is the base currency, and the U.S. dollar (USD) is the quote currency. The difference between the two currencies is a ratio price. In the example, one euro will trade for 1.3045 U.S. dollars.

Base currency and quote currency are two common expressions in the Forex (foreign exchange) market. So-called currency pairs are traded on this market. Base currency (also called transaction currency) is always given first in a currency pair; quote currency (also called counter currency) is given second.

Currency speculation is the act of buying and selling the money of various countries in order to take advantage of fluctuating exchange rates. Some speculators make many transactions each day with one or more currency pairs, while others purchase a large amount of one currency and then hold on to it for a longer time.

The first listed currency of a currency pair is called the base currency, and the second currency is called the quote currency. Currency pairs compare the value of one currency to another?the base currency (or the first one) versus the second or the quote currency.

The quote currency is the second currency listed in a forex pair. It is also known as the counter currency. The price of a forex pair reflects how much it costs to purchase one unit of the base currency by selling the quote currency. In a pair listed as GBP/USD, USD is the quote currency.

The definition of 'major currency pairs will differ among traders, but most will include the four most popular pairs to trade - EUR/USD, USD/JPY, GBP/USD and USD/CHF. 'Commodity currencies' and 'cross pairs' are also categorized as majors. Below we explore the major currency pair categories.

All currency trading is done in pairs. Unlike the stock market, where you can buy or sell a single stock, you have to buy one currency and sell another currency in the forex market. Next, nearly all currencies are priced out to the fourth decimal point. A pip or percentage in point is the smallest increment of trade.