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The Fed controls the supply of money by increas- ing or decreasing the monetary base. The monetary base is related to the size of the Fed's balance sheet; specifically, it is currency in circulation plus the deposit balances that depository institutions hold with the Federal Reserve.

Common foreign exchange controls include: banning the use of foreign currency within the country; banning locals from possessing foreign currency; restricting currency exchange to government-approved exchangers; fixed exchange rates. restricting the amount of currency that may be imported or exported;

It does so by controlling the reserve ratios, open market operations, and discount rates. By adjusting these factors, RBI ensures that the money supply in the economy is neither too high nor too low, which can lead to inflation or deflation.

There are a handful of methods that can solve a currency crisis, including implementing floating exchange rates, moving away from pegged rates, monetary policy that allows for trading with the market, government policies to attract foreign investment, and the country purchasing its own currency.

These are the most common currency controls: Banning or limiting purchases of foreign currency within the country. Banning or restricting the use of foreign currency within the country. Setting exchange rates (instead of letting the value of the currency fluctuate ing to market forces)

These regulations in India are governed by the Foreign Exchange Management Act ('FEMA') and the Regulations thereunder. The apex body on these matters in India is the Reserve Bank of India ('RBI') which regulates the law and is responsible for all key approvals.

Central banks conduct monetary policy by adjusting the supply of money, usually through buying or selling securities in the open market. Open market operations affect short-term interest rates, which in turn influence longer-term rates and economic activity.