Limit Footnote Title For Free

In particular, do not try to add footnotes, or references to the title. Any of it would result in turning a clever choice of title into something very confusing, which may further lead to unintentional mistakes when others try to reference your paper.

Shortening titles: Shorten a book or article title that is 5 or more words in a note, but do not shorten journal titles. Acceptable ways of shortening titles: Omit the initial article (A, The). Include only key words from the title.

For subsequent citations, use a shortened version of the footnote, which includes: Author's last name (for edited works, use the editor's last name, but omit the "ed." after the name) Shortened form of title (2-4 words; omit initial articles such as A, An, or The from the title) Page number (when available)

Rules to Remember in Writing Footnotes: Titles of books, journals or magazines should be underlined or italicized. Titles of articles or chapters?items which are only a part of a book--are put in quotation marks.

The first time a source is cited in your paper, the corresponding note should include all relevant source information. However, to reduce the overall bulk of publications which use footnotes or endnotes, subsequent usage of that source only requires you to use a shortened version of that citation.

A lot of people do add 7?8 footnotes, which might be good if they are extremely relevant. However, even so, 2?3 footnotes, which is the average, are more than enough per page.

Audio: APA provides guidance for writers to shorten their citations using the abbreviation ?et al.? Et al. is a Latin abbreviation that means ?and others,? and so it's used in APA to limit the number of authors writers need to list within their citations, making citations more concise.