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The researchers compared the effects of feeding pre- and probiotics with infants fed breast milk and control formulas. They also compared the enhanced formulas' effects in both vaginally and Caesarean-delivered babies. "The probiotic formula significantly enhanced immunity in formula-fed infants," Tappenden said.

1860. German chemist, Justus von Leibig, develops the first baby formulaa powdered mix of wheat flour, malt flour, potassium bicarbonate and heated cow's milk. This is a hit in Europe and by 1869, becomes available in the US for $1.

The historical evolution of infant feeding includes wet nursing, the feeding bottle, and formula use. Before the invention of bottles and formula, wet nursing was the safest and most common alternative to the natural mother's breastmilk.

By the early 1960s, commercial formulas were more commonly used than evaporated milk formulas in the United States, which all but vanished in the 1970s. By the early 1970s, over 75% of American babies were fed on formulas, almost entirely commercially produced.

nursed children often died, but not as frequently as the babies of wet nurses, deprived of their mothers' milk. An even riskier alternative was bottlefeeding or spoonfeeding. Infants ate soft or liquid foods made from animal milk, broth, or grains.

The evaporated milk was usually mixed with sugar or corn syrup before being given, and babies were typically also given vitamin supplements. This was the main breast milk alternative used until the 1950s.

Compared with formula, the nutrients in breastmilk are better absorbed and used by your baby. These include sugar (carbohydrate) and protein. Breastmilk has the nutrients that are best for your baby's brain growth and nervous system development.