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AS = accent-sensitive or AI = accent-insensitive. KS = Kana type-sensitive or missing = Kana type-insensitive. WS = width-sensitive or missing = width insensitive. VSS = variation selector sensitive (only available in the version 140 collations) or missing = variation selector insensitive.

Collations in SQL Server provide sorting rules, case, and accent sensitivity properties for your data. Collations that are used with character data types, such as char and varchar, dictate the code page and corresponding characters that can be represented for that data type.

You can specify collations for each character string column using the COLLATE clause of the CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE statement. You can also specify a collation when you create a table using SQL Server Management Studio. If you do not specify a collation, the column is assigned the default collation of the database.

Finding collation on SQL Server instance You can get the server collation in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) by right-clicking the SQL instance, then clicking the Properties option and checking the General tab. This collation is selected by default at the installation of SQL Server.

You can specify collations for each character string column using the COLLATE clause of the CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE statement. You can also specify a collation when you create a table using SQL Server Management Studio. If you do not specify a collation, the column is assigned the default collation of the database.

Collation is a set of rules that tell database engine how to compare and sort the character data in SQL Server. Collation can be set at different levels in SQL Server.

If "What does COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS do?" means "What does the COLLATE clause of CREATE DATABASE do?", then:Due to controlling the DB-level Collation of master , it is then the Collation used for Server-level data, such as Database names (i.e. name column in sys. databases ), Login names, etc.