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Collations in SQL Server provide sorting rules, case, and accent sensitivity properties for your data. Collations that are used with character data types, such as char and varchar, dictate the code page and corresponding characters that can be represented for that data type.

The COLLATE is a column collation casting keyword which is operation generally known as collate SQL. COLLATE can also be used with the column name and input character string. A common use of the query level collation (collate SQL) is to compare case-sensitive strings.

A collation in MySQL is a set of rules used to compare the characters in a specific character set. It is a sequence of orders to any particular set. MySQL supports various character sets, and each character set always uses one or more collation, at least one default collation.

You can change the collation of any new objects that are created in a user database by using the COLLATE clause of the ALTER DATABASE statement. This statement does not change the collation of the columns in any existing user-defined tables. These can be changed by using the COLLATE clause of ALTER TABLE.

It is absolutely possible to database with a different collation on a same SQL Server Instance. It is also possible to create an individual column in a table with different collations from server instance and database as well.

A collation is a set of rules that defines how to compare and sort character strings.

Codepage Specifies a one- to four-digit number that identifies the code page used by the collation. CP1 specifies code page 1252, for all other code pages the complete code page number is specified. For example, CP1251 specifies code page 1251 and CP850 specifies code page 850.