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Types of Steel Beams Standard beams have tapered flanges whereas wide-flange beams have parallel flanges. H beams will often have flanges and webs of equal thickness while the flanges of S and W beams are thicker than the webs. H beams are commonly driven into the soil to provide foundation piling.

Class 3 cross-sections are those in which the stress in the extreme compression fibre of the steel member assuming an elastic distribution of stresses can reach the yield strength, but local buckling prevents development of the plastic moment resistance.

Design Of Steel: Classification Of Cross-Sections Class 1 (Plastic) Cross-sections which can develop plastic hinges and have the rotation capacity required for failure of the structure by formation of plastic mechanism fall under this category.Class 2 (Compact)Class 3 (Semi-compact)Class 4 (Slender)

The local buckling is characterized by the instability of the elements that form the column cross-sections, that is, instability of plates, without translation of the axis of the column.

General buckling is characterized by a distorted, or buckled, longitudinal axis of the member. In local buckling, the axis of the member is not distorted, but the strength of the cross section is compromised by the buckling of a component of the cross section.

Structural steel comes in various shapes like L-beam, Z shape, HSS shape, L shape (angle), structural channel (C-beam, cross section), T shaped, rail profile, bar, rod, plate and an open joist of web steel.

Local buckling of a thin-walled member causes lateral (in relation to the direction of compressive stress) displacement of the component walls of the cross-section. This reduces the load capacity of the critical cross-section, which reduces the resistance of the entire structural member.