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Genome annotation is the process of attaching biological information to sequences. It consists of two main steps: identifying elements on the genome, a process called gene prediction, and attaching biological information to these elements.

Ensembl provides a genome browser that acts as a single point of access to annotated genomes for mainly vertebrate species (Video 1 and Figure 2). Information about genes, transcripts and further annotation can be retrieved at the genome, gene and protein level.

Reference genome file is a description of the genome sequence. And annotation file is a description of where genetic element(intron, exon) located in the genome, in the form begin and end coordinate. Reference genome file are mostly in . fasta format and annotation are mostly in .

Functional annotation is defined as the process of collecting information about and describing a gene's biological identityits various aliases, molecular function, biological role(s), subcellular location, and its expression domains within the plant.

Sequence annotations describe regions or sites of interest in the protein sequence, such as post-translational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. Sequence conflicts between references are also described in this manner.

The Annotation Release name is the combination of the organism name and Annotation Release number (e.g. NCBI Pongo abelii Annotation Release 103) and is used throughout NCBI as a way to uniquely identify annotation products originating from the same annotation run.

DNA annotation or genome annotation is the process of identifying the locations of genes and all of the coding regions in a genome and determining what those genes do. An annotation (irrespective of the context) is a note added by way of explanation or commentary.