Albert Einstein is known as a genius, physicist and Nobel Laureate. While his theory of relativity changed the world, it wasn't his only legacy. He was also a refugee and humanitarian, having inspired the founding of the organization that became the International Rescue Committee.

The Nazi regime pushed out leading researchers such as Albert Einstein, Hans Krebs, and even national hero Fritz Haber, who had helped develop chemical weapons during World War I.

Among the scientists who fled Europe were Albert Einstein, Hans Bethe, John von Neumann, Leo Szilard, James Franck, Edward Teller, Rudolf Peierls, and Klaus Fuchs. Enrico Fermi's wife Laura was Jewish; after the 1938 Nobel Prize ceremony, he and his family left for the United States.

determined to command personally. Hitler was, first and foremost, determined to command personally. ing to his so-called Leader Principle (Führerprinzip), ultimate authority rested with him and extended downward. At each level, the superior was to give the orders, the subordinates to follow them to the letter.

(Vierjahresplan), economic program written by Adolf Hitler in August 1936 for the revitalization of the German army and economy within four years in anticipation of war. This was the first time Hitler intervened in German economic policy.

Hitler's government also put in place several new plans that would put Germans back to work. In 1933, the government announced two Laws for the Reduction of Unemployment, devoting millions of marks to encouraging the creation of new businesses and funding public-works construction projects, such as the highway system.

The Four Year Plan was a series of economic measures initiated by Adolf Hitler in Nazi Germany in 1936.