Release and Surface Damages Agreement Entered into Prior to Drilling

A crude oil deposit (or natural gas deposit) is formed when crude oil (or natural gas) on the way to the earth's surface is encapsulated by impermeable layers of rock so it can accumulate accordingly.

Conventional oil and gas refers to petroleum, or crude oil, and raw natural gas extracted from the ground by conventional means and methods.

However, since mineral rights are a severed portion of the land rights themselves (they're separated from the land's "surface rights" and sold separately by deed, just like the land itself), they are usually considered real property.

Oil and gas rights extend vertically downward from the property line. Unless explicitly separated by a deed, oil and gas rights are owned by the surface landowner. Oil and gas rights offshore are owned by either the state or federal government and leased to oil companies for development.

Oil and gas are formed from organic material mainly deposited as sediments on the seabed and then broken down and transformed over millions of years. If there is a suitable combination of source rock, reservoir rock, cap rock and a trap in an area, recoverable oil and gas deposits may be discovered there.

A so-called fossil fuel, petroleum is believed by most scientists to be the transformed remains of long dead organisms. The majority of petroleum is thought to come from the fossils of plants and tiny marine organisms. Larger animals might contribute to the mix as well.

Oil and Gas Extraction is the exploration and production of petroleum and natural gas from wells. The industry generates wastewater from the water extracted from the geological formations and from chemicals used during exploration, well drilling and production of oil and gas.

2 Furthermore, ownership of such oil and gas constitutes ownership of a real property interest, as it is well settled in every jurisdiction that oil and gas in place are minerals, and as such they are part of the realty.3 Once oil and gas is produced, its legal character changes from real property to personal

The formation of oil begins in warm, shallow oceans that were present on the Earth millions of years ago. In these oceans, extremely small dead organic matter - classified as plankton - falls to the floor of the ocean. This plankton consists of animals, called zooplankton, or plants, called phytoplankton.